Nature Communications:類胡蘿卜素調控玉米籽粒質地Carotenoids modulate kernel texture in maize by influencing amyloplast envelope integrity第一作者:Haihai Wang第一單位:上海植物生理生態研究所通訊作者:Yongrui Wu Abstract 提出問題:The mechanism that creates vitreous endosperm in the mature maize kernel is poorly understood.主要發現:We identified Vitreous endosperm 1 (Ven1) as a major QTL influencing this process.結果1-Ven1編碼的□:Ven1 encodes β-carotene hydroxylase 3錛 an enzyme that modulates carotenoid composition in the amyloplast envelope.結果2-A619自交系:The A619 inbred contains a nonfunctional Ven1 allele錛 leading to a decrease in polar and an increase in non-polar carotenoids in the amyloplast.結果3-無效Ven1等位基因導致的變化:Coincidently錛 the stability of amyloplast membranes is increased during kernel desiccation. The lipid composition in endosperm cells in A619 is altered錛 giving rise to a persistent amyloplast envelope.結果4-A619粉質胚乳:These changes impede the gathering of protein bodies and prevent them from interacting with starch grains錛 creating air spaces that cause an opaque kernel phenotype.結果5-遺傳修飾因子:Genetic modifiers were identified that alter the effect of Ven1A619錛 while maintaining a high β-carotene level.結論:These studies provide insight for breeding vitreous kernel varieties and high vitamin A content in maize. 摘要 目前對成熟玉米粒中,玻璃質胚乳產生的機制了解甚少。本文中,